History of Zionism
History of Zionism
Zionism is the national liberation movement of the Jewish people – a collective bound together by religion, history, culture, and the right to self-determination – in the Land of Israel. Zionism refers to the successful effort to re-establish a Jewish homeland and the continued effort to develop and maintain it.
Biblical Era – First Signs of Israel
Biblical Era – First Signs of Israel
The first archaeological evidence suggesting the emergence of the Israelites as a distinct people dates back to the 12th Century BCE.
1209-1208 BCE
1209-1208 BCE
The Merneptah Stele, an inscription dated to the 12th century BCE, is believed to feature the earliest mention of a people called “Israel.” Scholars estimate Merneptah’s “Israel” geographic location to be central Canaan or possibly the Jezreel Valley.
1150 BCE
1150 BCE
Evidence of Israelite culture appears in archaeological remains. Notable markers include the absence of pork bones, distinctive pottery, and four-room houses in communities across Canaan. The Israelites are believed to have lived in small villages led by local tribal leaders.
Biblical Era – The United Kingdom
Biblical Era – The United Kingdom
The twelve Israelite tribes unite under one monarch for the first time. Their jurisdiction covers much of modern-day Israel and the Levant. But this era of history is debated. We know with relative certainty that there was a southern and northern kingdom. However, we lack concrete evidence to verify that there was a united kingdom.
1020 BCE
1020 BCE
Jewish monarchy established; Saul becomes the first king.
